[Overview of Results Collected During EUC Score Test Runs]
Analyzing an Azure VM with 8 vCPUs and the Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktop (CVAD) software stack. Compared remoting protocols are Citrix HDX and Microsoft Side-by-Side Remote Desktop Protocol (SxS RDP). The test results presented here are a subset of the complete data sets collected during multiple test sequences.
Test Engineer: Benny Tritsch
Date of test: 19-20 November 2025
Show the effects of extreme network conditions when a Citrix HDX session is connected to an Azure VM with 8 vCPUs.
| Simload Thumbnails | Links | Network | Links [Charts] | Views | Observations |
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Bandwidth: 2mbps
SL1-MSEdgePhotoGalleryJS [STD12] SL1-MSEdgePhotoGalleryJS [HDX12] Single View |
Very low bandwidth: Compression artifacts appear during photo transitions while the high frame rate is maintained. |
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Bandwidth: 2mbps
SL1-RollercoasterDX9 [STD12] SL1-RollercoasterDX9 [HDX12] Single View |
Very low bandwidth: The animation shows noticeable compression artifacts, while the frame rate remains consistently high. |
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Latency (RTT): 310ms
SL1-MSEdgeVideoConf6 [STD12] SL1-MSEdgeVideoConf6 [HDX12] Single View |
The very high latency leads to significant stuttering and freeze frame effects in the six videos. |
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Packet Loss: 5%
SL1-NotepadMove [STD12] SL1-NotepadMove [HDX12] Single View |
Despite the very high packet loss rate, the application window moves smoothly across the screen. |
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Packet Loss: 5%
SL1-MSEdgeVideoGrid9 [STD12] SL1-MSEdgeVideoGrid9 [HDX12] Single View |
With a very high packet loss rate, the nine videos show noticeable compression artifacts, while the frame rate remains consistently high. |
In general, the HDX protocol delivers very good performance even under extreme network conditions. However, the test runs shown here represent instances where network conditions have visible effects.
Citrix VM on Azure
System Under Test: Azure Germany West Central, D8s v5 VM, Windows 11 Enterprise, Intel Xeon Platinum 8370C 8vCPUs @ 2.80GHz, 32GB RAM, 128GB HDD, 1920x1080 Screen Resolution @ 30Hz, Single Monitor Setup, Citrix VDA 7 2507 LTSR.
Connection: Citrix HDX.
Endpoint: ASUS NUC 15 PRO, Windows 11, Intel Core Ultra 7 255H 16Cores @ 2.0GHz, 32GB RAM, Samsung SSD 990 EVO Plus 1TB, Intel Arc 140T GPU, 2GB VRAM, Citrix Workspace 2508.
Test Engineer: Benny Tritsch
Date of test: 19-20 November 2025
Show the difference between Citrix HDX and Microsoft SxS RDP sessions connected to Azure VMs with 8 vCPUs.
| Simload Thumbnails | Links | Network | Links [Charts] | Views | Observations |
|---|---|---|
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8mbps Bandwidth: HDX vs SxS RDP
SL1-MSEdgePhotoGalleryJS [STD12] Side-by-Side View |
Low bandwidth: In the HDX session (yellow), compression artifacts appear during photo transitions while the high frame rate is maintained. The RDP session (red) shows a lower frame rate and stuttering. |
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8mbps Bandwidth: HDX vs SxS RDP
SL1-RollercoasterDX9 [STD12] Side-by-Side View |
Low bandwidth: Block artifacts are visible in the HDX session on the left (yellow). The RDP session on the right (red), on the other hand, shows a lower frame rate. |
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110ms Latency (RTT): HDX vs SxS RDP
SL1-MSEdgeFishbowlHTML5 [STD12] Side-by-Side View |
High latency: The fish move more slowly and with a slightly lower refresh rate in the HDX session on the left (yellow). Somewhat livelier animation in the RDP session on the right (red), but also significantly higher outbound network bandwidth requirements. |
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2% Packet Loss: HDX vs SxS RDP
SL1-NotepadMove [STD12] Side-by-Side View |
High packet loss rate: In the HDX session on the left (yellow), the application window moves smoothly across the screen despite the 2% paket loss rate. The perceived user experience is very different in the RDP session on the right (red) with significant stuttering and freeze frames. |
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2% Packet Loss: HDX vs SxS RDP
SL1-MSEdgeVideoGrid9 [STD12] Side-by-Side View |
High packet loss rate: In the HDX session on the left (yellow), the nine videos show some compression artifacts, while the frame rate remains consistently high. The RDP session on the right (red) shows some stuttering and significantly higher values for CPU queue length, context switches/sec, disk writes, and outbound network bandwidth. CPU load is slightly lower, though. |
Without network constraints, most workloads don't show a visual difference between RDP and HDX. There are a number of workloads where the total network consumption of RDP is higher under unconstrained conditions. Under low bandwidth and high latency network conditions and depending on the workload, stuttering and freeze frame effects are more likely in the RDP session than in the HDX session.
Adding packet loss not only makes it harder to interact with graphics objects in the remote session. It also results in more stuttering in animations and videos, in particular in the RDP session. Sometime the HDX codec acts so aggressivly that the animation or video quality is degraded while a relatively high frame rate is maintained. This means that the HDX protocol version tested here is not optimized for graphics quality but rather for frame refresh rates under challenging network conditions. But this may change in the future...
Citrix VM on Azure (HDX)
Windows 365 (SxS RDP)
System Under Test: Azure Germany West Central, D8s v5 VM, Windows 11 Enterprise, Intel Xeon Platinum 8370C 8vCPUs @ 2.80GHz, 32GB RAM, 128GB HDD, 1920x1080 Screen Resolution @ 30Hz, Single Monitor Setup, Citrix VDA 7 2507 LTSR.
System Under Test: Azure Germany West Central, Windows 365 Enterprise, Intel Xeon Platinum 8370C 8vCPUs @ 2.80GHz, 32GB RAM, 128GB HDD (SAS), 1920x1080 Screen Resolution @ 30Hz, Single Monitor Setup, Remote Desktop Services SxS Network Stack.
Connection: Citrix HDX.
Connection: Microsoft SxS RDP.
Endpoint: ASUS NUC 15 PRO, Windows 11, Intel Core Ultra 7 255H 16Cores @ 2.0GHz, 32GB RAM, Samsung SSD 990 EVO Plus 1TB, Intel Arc 140T GPU, 2GB VRAM, Citrix Workspace 2508.
Endpoint: ASUS NUC 15 PRO, Windows 11, Intel Core Ultra 7 255H 16Cores @ 2.0GHz, 32GB RAM, Samsung SSD 990 EVO Plus 1TB, Intel Arc 140T GPU, 2GB VRAM, Windows App.